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当JDBC遇上返回Cursor
当 JDBC 遇上返回 Cursor
本文出处:https://www.modb.pro/db/400426
使用 jdbc 访问 PostgreSQL 或者 MogDB(openGauss)数据库里的 cursor 游标时,官方文档可查的资料较少,下面的示例供参考。
测试环境
- JDBC:postgresql-42.3.5.jar
- PG: 14.2
- MogDB(openGauss): 3.0.0
测试背景
针对 function 和 procedure 返回 cursor 游标类型,通过 jdbc 如何调用。
测试 function:curtest1,通过 returns 返回游标类型
create or replace function curtest1()
returns refcursor
language plpgsql
as $function$
declare
cur refcursor;
begin
open cur for select id,data from fiverows;
return cur;
end;
$function$;
测试 procedure:curtest2,通过 out 参数返回游标类型
create or replace procedure curtest2(out cur refcursor)
language plpgsql
as $procedure$
begin
open cur for select id,data from fiverows;
end;
$procedure$;
测试 procedure:curtest3,通过 out 参数返回多个游标类型
create or replace procedure curtest3(out cur1 refcursor,out cur2 refcursor)
language plpgsql
as $procedure$
begin
open cur1 for select id,data from fiverows where id between 1 and 3;
open cur2 for select id,data from fiverows where id between 4 and 5;
end;
$procedure$;
表结构及数据
create table fiverows(id serial primary key,data text);
insert into fiverows(data) values('one'),('two'),
('three'),('four'),('five');
测试一:function 通过 returns 返回游标
function 返回游标在 PostgreSQL 或者 MogDB(openGauss)数据库里访问的代码参考如下:
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Class.forName("org.postgresql.Driver");
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:postgresql://***.***.***.***:1402/postgres","postgres","admin");
CallableStatement stmt = null;
ResultSet resultSet = null;
try{
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
stmt = conn.prepareCall("{? = call public.curtest1()}");;
stmt.registerOutParameter(1, Types.REF_CURSOR);
stmt.setCursorName("mycur1");
stmt.execute();
resultSet = (ResultSet) stmt.getObject(1);
while(resultSet.next()){
Integer id = (Integer)resultSet.getInt(1);
String data = (String) resultSet.getString(2);
System.out.println("id = "+id+", data = "+data);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
conn.close();
}
注意下面这几点: 1.使用 CallableStatement 2.使用 Types.REF_CURSOR 注册输出参数 3.Statement 执行后,再通过 Statement 获取结果集
测试二:procedure 通过 out 参数返回游标
procedure 返回游标在 PostgreSQL 或者 MogDB(openGauss)数据库里有一点差异:主要是 escapeSyntaxCallMode 参数。
PostgreSQL
procedure 返回游标的 jdbc 代码跟上面 function 测试类似:
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Class.forName("org.postgresql.Driver");
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:postgresql://***.***.***.***:1402/postgres?escapeSyntaxCallMode=call", "postgres","admin");
CallableStatement stmt = null;
ResultSet resultSet = null;
try{
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
stmt = conn.prepareCall("{call public.curtest2(?)}");;
stmt.registerOutParameter(1, Types.REF_CURSOR);
stmt.execute();
resultSet = (ResultSet) stmt.getObject(1);
while(resultSet.next()){
Integer id = (Integer)resultSet.getInt(1);
String data = (String) resultSet.getString(2);
System.out.println("id = "+id+", data = "+data);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
conn.close();
}
不过执行上面的代码客户端会报下面的错误:
错误信息提示并不是很明确,查找资料发现大概与 escapeSyntaxCallMode 参数有关,该参数的官方链接如下:https://jdbc.postgresql.org/documentation/head/connect.html
Specifies how the driver transforms JDBC escape call syntax into underlying SQL, for invoking procedures or functions. In escapeSyntaxCallMode=select mode (the default), the driver always uses a SELECT statement (allowing function invocation only). In escapeSyntaxCallMode=callIfNoReturn mode, the driver uses a CALL statement (allowing procedure invocation) if there is no return parameter specified, otherwise the driver uses a SELECT statement. In escapeSyntaxCallMode=call mode, the driver always uses a CALL statement (allowing procedure invocation only).
自 PostgreSQL v11 开始支持 procedure,PostgreSQL JDBC 驱动也配套引入了 escapeSyntaxCallMode 参数,该参数有三种值,默认是第一种 func,系统理解为 function 来调用;第二种是 call,系统理解为 procedure 来调用;第三种是系统根据定义自动猜测。
上面的 connection 连接串加上 escapeSyntaxCallMode 参数,修改成:
jdbc:postgresql://***.***.***.***:1402/postgres?escapeSyntaxCallMode=call
则可正常执行
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MogDB(openGauss)
procedure 返回游标的 jdbc 代码与 function 测试类似,并且也不需要设置 escapeSyntaxCallMode 参数。
procedure 创建语法有差异,代码如下:
create or replace procedure curtest2(out cur refcursor) as begin open cur for select id,data from fiverows; end;
测试三:procedure 通过 out 参数返回多个游标
返回多个游标与测试二类似,也是同样支持,在 PostgreSQL 也是需要设置 escapeSyntaxCallMode 参数,MogDB(openGauss)不需要设置。
PostgreSQL
jdbc 代码如下:
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Class.forName("org.postgresql.Driver");
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:postgresql://***.***.***.***:1402/postgres?escapeSyntaxCallMode=call","postgres","admin");
CallableStatement stmt = null;
ResultSet resultSet = null;
try{
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
stmt = conn.prepareCall("{call public.curtest3(?,?)}");;
stmt.registerOutParameter(1, Types.REF_CURSOR);
stmt.registerOutParameter(2, Types.REF_CURSOR);
stmt.execute();
resultSet = (ResultSet) stmt.getObject(1);
System.out.println("cursor1 data:");
while(resultSet.next()){
Integer id = (Integer)resultSet.getInt(1);
String data = (String) resultSet.getString(2);
System.out.println("id = "+id+", data = "+data);
}
resultSet = (ResultSet) stmt.getObject(2);
System.out.println("cursor2 data:");
while(resultSet.next()){
Integer id = (Integer)resultSet.getInt(1);
String data = (String) resultSet.getString(2);
System.out.println("id = "+id+", data = "+data);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
conn.close();
}
测试结果如下:
MogDB(openGauss)
与测试二类似,不需要设置 escapeSyntaxCallMode 参数。
procedure 创建语法有差异,代码如下:
create or replace procedure curtest3(out cur1 refcursor,out cur2 refcursor)
as
begin
open cur1 for select id,data from fiverows where id between 1 and 3;
open cur2 for select id,data from fiverows where id between 4 and 5;
end;
结论通过 jdbc 访问 function 里的 returns cursor 或者 procedure 里的 out cursor 类型都支持。 区别在于 procedure 的 out cursor 类型,在 PostgreSQL 需要设置 escapeSyntaxCallMode=call,MogDB(openGauss)数据库不需要。